Cpan installation

But this has a lot of module duplication, so to get rid of the duplication: It will take some time. I don't have root privileges, but I want to use cpan. Can it be installed in the user area? Is there a way to ensure that the CPAN module is deployed in another environment?

Certainty is required in practice. It is a good idea to write the required modules in a file called cpanfile and install using cpanm. Perl Zemi. Related Informatrion. New Articles Updated Articles. When more than one result is available, they are printed in one-line format. These commands take any number of arguments and investigate what is necessary to perform the action.

Argument processing is as follows:. If the argument is a distribution file name recognized by embedded slashes , it is processed. If it is a module, CPAN determines the distribution file in which this module is included and processes that, following any dependencies named in the module's META. If an argument is enclosed in slashes it is treated as a regular expression: it is expanded and if the result is a single object distribution, bundle or module , this object is processed.

CPAN checks whether an install is needed and prints module up to date if the distribution file containing the module doesn't need updating. CPAN also keeps track of what it has done within the current session and doesn't try to build a package a second time regardless of whether it succeeded or not. It does not repeat a test run if the test has been run successfully before. Same for install runs. The force pragma may precede another command currently: get , make , test , or install to execute the command from scratch and attempt to continue past certain errors.

See the section below on the force and the fforce pragma. Look gets and untars if not yet done the distribution file, changes to the appropriate directory and opens a subshell process in that directory.

The listing recurses into subdirectories. The last example is very slow and outputs extra progress indicators that break the alignment of the result. This may be regarded as a bug that may be changed in some future version. The failed command reports all distributions that failed on one of make , test or install for some reason in the currently running shell session.

The files contain a signature of the currently running perl version for later perusal. If the stored signature matches the currently running perl, the stored state is loaded into memory such that persistence between sessions is effectively established. To speed things up in complex installation scenarios, CPAN. A get , a make , and an install are not repeated.

A test is repeated only if the previous test was unsuccessful. The diagnostic message when CPAN. Another situation where CPAN refuses to act is an install if the corresponding test was not successful. In all these cases, the user can override this stubborn behaviour by prepending the command with the word force, for example:. Batch jobs can run without a lockfile and not disturb each other.

The shell offers to run in downgraded mode when another process is holding the lockfile. This is an experimental feature that is not yet tested very well. This second shell then does not write the history file, does not use the metadata file, and has a different prompt. PL or perl Build. PL subprocess. If you enter the shell command, your input is split by the Text::ParseWords::shellwords routine, which acts like most shells do. The first word is interpreted as the method to be invoked, and the rest of the words are treated as the method's arguments.

Continuation lines are supported by ending a line with a literal backslash. Duplicates of each distribution are suppressed. The name of the bundle file is based on the current date and a counter, e. This commands provides a statistical overview over recent download activities.

Install all distributions that have been tested successfully but have not yet been installed. List all build directories of distributions that have been tested successfully but have not yet been installed. If called without argument, all potential upgrades are listed; if called with arguments the list is filtered to the modules and regexps given as arguments.

It suppresses duplicates in the column in CPAN file such that distributions with many upgradeable modules are listed only once. The recent command downloads a list of recent uploads to CPAN and displays them slowly. Note : This whole command currently is just a hack and will probably change in future versions of CPAN. XS modules with 'force' in effect. The primary purpose of this command is to finish a network installation.

Imagine you have a common source tree for two different architectures. You decide to do a completely independent fresh installation. You start on one architecture with the help of a Bundle file produced earlier. So you invoke CPAN's recompile on the second architecture and you're done. Another popular use for recompile is to act as a rescue in case your perl breaks binary compatibility.

The force pragma reruns the tests and repeats every step that might have failed before. You should never do this with your normal account and better have a dedicated well separated and secured machine to do this. The smoke command takes the list of recent uploads to CPAN as provided by the recent command and tests them all.

The upgrade command first runs an r command with the given arguments and then installs the newest versions of all modules that were listed by that. Although it may be considered internal, the class hierarchy does matter for both users and programmer. Classical single polymorphism is in effect. A metaclass object registers all objects of all kinds and indexes them with a string. The strings referencing objects have a separated namespace well, not completely separated :.

Modules know their associated Distribution objects. They always refer to the most recent official release. Developers may mark their releases as unstable development versions by inserting an underscore into the module version number which will also be reflected in the distribution name when you run 'make dist' , so the really hottest and newest distribution is not always the default.

But if you would like to install version 1. Distribution objects are normally distributions from the CPAN, but there is a slightly degenerate case for Distribution objects, too, of projects held on the local disk. These distribution objects have the same name as the local directory and end with a dot.

A dot by itself is also allowed for the current directory at the time CPAN. All actions such as make , test , and install are applied directly to that directory. This gives the command cpan. It figures out which of the two mantras is appropriate, fetches and installs all prerequisites, takes care of them recursively, and finally finishes the installation of the module in the current directory, be it a CPAN module or not.

The typical usage case is for private modules or working copies of projects from remote repositories on the local disk. So piping to pager or redirecting output into a file works somewhat as in a normal shell, with the stipulation that you must type extra spaces. At run time, each listed plugin is instantiated as a singleton object by running the equivalent of this pseudo code:. The generated singletons are kept around from instantiation until the end of the shell session.

While the cpan shell is running, it checks all activated plugins at each of the 8 reference points listed above and runs the respective method if it is implemented for that object. When the CPAN module is used for the first time, a configuration dialogue tries to determine a couple of site specific options.

The mkmyconfig command writes this file for you. Displays the current value s for this config variable. Without KEY, displays all subcommands and config variables. If KEY starts and ends with a slash, the string in between is treated as a regular expression and only keys matching this regexp are displayed. The empty string can be specified as usual in shells, with '' or "".

If a config variable name ends with list , it is a list. Finally, any other list of arguments is taken as a new list value for the KEY variable discarding the previous value. The configuration dialog can be started any time later again by issuing the command o conf init in the CPAN shell. You can set and query each of these options interactively in the cpan shell with the o conf or the o conf init command as specified below.

Runs an interactive configuration dialog for matching variables. Without argument runs the dialog over all supported config variables. Note: this method of setting config variables often provides more explanation about the functioning of a variable than the manpage.

By default it uses Cwd::cwd, but if for some reason this doesn't work on your system, configure alternatives according to the following table:. We do a little guessing if your URL is not compliant, but if you have problems with file URLs, please try the correct format. The urllist parameter of the configuration table contains a list of URLs used for downloading.

This feature is disabled for index files. It will later check for each module to see whether there is a local copy of the most recent version. Another peculiarity of urllist is that the site that we could successfully fetch the last file from automatically gets a preference token and is tried as the first site for the next request. So if you add a new site at runtime it may happen that the previously preferred site will be tried another time.

This means that if you want to disallow a site for the next transfer, it must be explicitly removed from urllist. If you have YAML. You can view the statistics with the hosts command or inspect them directly by looking into the FTPstats. Since CPAN. It is only built and tested, and then kept in the list of tested but uninstalled modules. If set to yes , they allow the testing and the installation of the current distro and otherwise have no effect. If it finds something there that belongs, according to the index, to a different dist, it aborts the current build.

If a to-be-installed module would downgrade an already installed module, the current build is aborted. So the proper arrangement in such a case is to write a second distroprefs document for the distro that goto points to and overrule the cpanconfig there. Or since the advent of Module::Build we should talk about two mantras:. But some modules cannot be built with this mantra. They try to get some extra data from the user via the environment, extra arguments, or interactively--thus disturbing the installation of large bundles like Phalanx or modules with many dependencies like Plagger.

The distroprefs system of CPAN. The YAML files themselves must have the. Batch jobs can run without a lockfile and not disturb each other. The shell offers to run in downgraded mode when another process is holding the lockfile. This is an experimental feature that is not yet tested very well. This second shell then does not write the history file, does not use the metadata file, and has a different prompt.

PL or perl Build. PL subprocess. If you enter the shell command, your input is split by the Text::ParseWords::shellwords routine, which acts like most shells do. The first word is interpreted as the method to be invoked, and the rest of the words are treated as the method's arguments.

Continuation lines are supported by ending a line with a literal backslash. Duplicates of each distribution are suppressed. The name of the bundle file is based on the current date and a counter, e. This commands provides a statistical overview over recent download activities. Install all distributions that have been tested successfully but have not yet been installed. List all build directories of distributions that have been tested successfully but have not yet been installed.

If called without argument, all potential upgrades are listed; if called with arguments the list is filtered to the modules and regexps given as arguments. It suppresses duplicates in the column in CPAN file such that distributions with many upgradeable modules are listed only once.

The recent command downloads a list of recent uploads to CPAN and displays them slowly. Note : This whole command currently is just a hack and will probably change in future versions of CPAN. XS modules with 'force' in effect. The primary purpose of this command is to finish a network installation. Imagine you have a common source tree for two different architectures. You decide to do a completely independent fresh installation. You start on one architecture with the help of a Bundle file produced earlier.

So you invoke CPAN's recompile on the second architecture and you're done. Another popular use for recompile is to act as a rescue in case your perl breaks binary compatibility. The force pragma reruns the tests and repeats every step that might have failed before.

You should never do this with your normal account and better have a dedicated well separated and secured machine to do this. The smoke command takes the list of recent uploads to CPAN as provided by the recent command and tests them all.

The upgrade command first runs an r command with the given arguments and then installs the newest versions of all modules that were listed by that. Although it may be considered internal, the class hierarchy does matter for both users and programmer. Classical single polymorphism is in effect. A metaclass object registers all objects of all kinds and indexes them with a string. The strings referencing objects have a separated namespace well, not completely separated :. Modules know their associated Distribution objects.

They always refer to the most recent official release. Developers may mark their releases as unstable development versions by inserting an underscore into the module version number which will also be reflected in the distribution name when you run 'make dist' , so the really hottest and newest distribution is not always the default. But if you would like to install version 1. Distribution objects are normally distributions from the CPAN, but there is a slightly degenerate case for Distribution objects, too, of projects held on the local disk.

These distribution objects have the same name as the local directory and end with a dot. A dot by itself is also allowed for the current directory at the time CPAN.

All actions such as make , test , and install are applied directly to that directory. This gives the command cpan. It figures out which of the two mantras is appropriate, fetches and installs all prerequisites, takes care of them recursively, and finally finishes the installation of the module in the current directory, be it a CPAN module or not.

The typical usage case is for private modules or working copies of projects from remote repositories on the local disk. So piping to pager or redirecting output into a file works somewhat as in a normal shell, with the stipulation that you must type extra spaces. At run time, each listed plugin is instantiated as a singleton object by running the equivalent of this pseudo code:. The generated singletons are kept around from instantiation until the end of the shell session.

While the cpan shell is running, it checks all activated plugins at each of the 8 reference points listed above and runs the respective method if it is implemented for that object. When the CPAN module is used for the first time, a configuration dialogue tries to determine a couple of site specific options.

The mkmyconfig command writes this file for you. Displays the current value s for this config variable. Without KEY, displays all subcommands and config variables. If KEY starts and ends with a slash, the string in between is treated as a regular expression and only keys matching this regexp are displayed. The empty string can be specified as usual in shells, with '' or "". If a config variable name ends with list , it is a list.

Finally, any other list of arguments is taken as a new list value for the KEY variable discarding the previous value. The configuration dialog can be started any time later again by issuing the command o conf init in the CPAN shell.

You can set and query each of these options interactively in the cpan shell with the o conf or the o conf init command as specified below. Runs an interactive configuration dialog for matching variables.

Without argument runs the dialog over all supported config variables. Note: this method of setting config variables often provides more explanation about the functioning of a variable than the manpage. By default it uses Cwd::cwd, but if for some reason this doesn't work on your system, configure alternatives according to the following table:. We do a little guessing if your URL is not compliant, but if you have problems with file URLs, please try the correct format.

The urllist parameter of the configuration table contains a list of URLs used for downloading. This feature is disabled for index files. It will later check for each module to see whether there is a local copy of the most recent version. Another peculiarity of urllist is that the site that we could successfully fetch the last file from automatically gets a preference token and is tried as the first site for the next request. So if you add a new site at runtime it may happen that the previously preferred site will be tried another time.

This means that if you want to disallow a site for the next transfer, it must be explicitly removed from urllist. If you have YAML. You can view the statistics with the hosts command or inspect them directly by looking into the FTPstats.

Since CPAN. It is only built and tested, and then kept in the list of tested but uninstalled modules. If set to yes , they allow the testing and the installation of the current distro and otherwise have no effect.

If it finds something there that belongs, according to the index, to a different dist, it aborts the current build. If a to-be-installed module would downgrade an already installed module, the current build is aborted.

So the proper arrangement in such a case is to write a second distroprefs document for the distro that goto points to and overrule the cpanconfig there. Or since the advent of Module::Build we should talk about two mantras:.

But some modules cannot be built with this mantra. They try to get some extra data from the user via the environment, extra arguments, or interactively--thus disturbing the installation of large bundles like Phalanx or modules with many dependencies like Plagger.

The distroprefs system of CPAN. The YAML files themselves must have the. The containing directory can be specified in CPAN. Every YAML file may contain arbitrary documents according to the YAML specification, and every document is treated as an entity that can specify the treatment of a single distribution. Filenames can be picked arbitrarily; CPAN.

These files are expected to contain one or more hashrefs. The YAML shell would produce these with the command. For Storable files the rule is that they must be constructed such that Storable::retrieve file returns an array reference and the array elements represent one distropref object each.

The conversion from YAML would look like so:. If you prefer Storable over Data::Dumper, remember to pull out a Storable version that writes an older format than all the other Storable versions that will need to read them. The following example contains all supported keywords and structures with the exception of eexpect which can be used instead of expect.

Every YAML document represents a single hash reference. The valid keys in this hash are as follows:. Please report as a bug when you need another one supported.

The Overflow Blog. Podcast Helping communities build their own LTE networks. Podcast Making Agile work for data science. Featured on Meta. New post summary designs on greatest hits now, everywhere else eventually. Related 2. Hot Network Questions. Question feed.